Investigation of the effect of lithological units on the distribution of elements pollution in soils resulting from their erosion (Zozan plain, northeastern Iran)
Keywords:
The Zuzan Plain, Soil pollution, water pollutionAbstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of a lithological factor on the distribution of elements in the soil of the surrounding areas. For this purpose, the Zozan plain was selected which is located in the southeastern part of Khorasan Razavi province in the Sangan Khaf region of Iran between 59° 30' to 60° 00' east longitude and 34° 00' to 34° 30' north latitude. Since lithologic and anthropogenic factors control the distribution of elements and soil contamination in a region, this study investigates the effect of these factors, especially lithologic units, on the distribution of pollutants and contamination in the Zuzan Plain. A total of 53 soil samples were taken from the area and analyzed by the inductively coupled plasma method to achieve the research objectives. Investigation of correlations between soil chemical parameters based on Pearson correlation coefficients, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis indicated two main clusters. The results of geochemical studies on the soil of the region showed that the soils of the area have a low enrichment in terms of the mean enrichment factor (EF) compared to calcium elements. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that in soils of the Zuzan area, only calcium element in the non-infected class was slightly infected. The soil contamination coefficients showed that the main contamination of the soil was caused by calcium and, to a lesser extent, by chromium and lead. The results of the contamination degree of the samples in the study area indicated that 12 samples were in the acceptable class while the rest of the samples fell in the middle class.
A comparison of the data obtained from the analysis of the rock units around the plain showed that the samples of the Zuzan plain were influenced by natural factors and that the lithogenic units of the area controlled the main distribution of the elements.
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