Analyzing Flow Characteristics in the Neelum River using Advanced Hydrodynamic Simulations
Keywords:
Neelum River Hydrodynamics; HEC-RAS Flood Modeling; Hydraulic Structures Impact; Urban Flood Risk ManagementAbstract
The Neelum River in northern Pakistan has intricate flow characteristics owing to its unique geographic and climatic factors, which are essential for managing water resources and preventing floods. This study employs hydraulic modeling with the HEC-RAS program to assess the flow dynamics and flood risks of the Neelum River. The study focuses on two different river segments: the urbanized Muzaffarabad part and the natural stretch that runs from Panjgiran to Dhani. Based on topographical and infrastructure factors, hydraulic models were used to examine flow velocities, water depths, and flood threats. The topography and channel morphology in the natural segment affect both flow velocity and depth; at River Station 6966, the highest flow velocity of 6.26 m/s and the average water depth of 2.98 m were observed. On the other hand, the urbanized area of Muzaffarabad shows notable changes in its hydraulic behavior; the water surface heights in this area range from 925.65 to 945.20 meters, and the flow rates vary from 915.5 m/s to 940.0 m/s. The natural segment has a more curved channel and less erosion potential than the restricted channels and smaller floodplain regions in Muzaffarabad. These results emphasize the need for region-specific flood management plans that are adapted to the unique hydraulic characteristics and hazards of both rural and urban areas. Effective sustainable river management in both rural and urban environments can be accomplished by creating comprehensive flood profiles.
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