Extent and evaluation of flood resilience in Muzaffarabad City, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Keywords:
Hazard; Disaster; Flood; Resilience; Climate Disaster Resilience Index; Aggregate Weighted Mean Index; Weight Measure Index; Geographical Information System.Abstract
Globally, high altitudes are more prone to a number of hazards. Mountains become more disastrous in
regions where people's preparedness and response are weak. In such circumstances the risk and exposure of
Governmental and non-governmental organizations as well as the indigenous community have been
challenged to enhance the disaster resilience capabilities. The city of Muzaffarabad is exposed to hydro
meteorological and geological hazards and producing damages to life, property and infrastructure. In this
research an attempt has been made to explore the extent and evaluation of flood resilience in the mountainous
environment of the study area. Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) was used to measure urban
resilience in Muzaffarabad city. Questionnaire survey and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted
to investigate physical and socio-economic condition of the study area. Five dimensions including physical,
social, economic, institutional and natural, have been quantified by applying Weight Measure Index (WMI)
and Aggregate Weighted Mean Index (AWMI). Physical, socio-economic, institutional and natural
dimensions were analysed on the basis of CDRI/AWMI index. Tools and techniques of Geographical
Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing have also been used for analysis and mapping. Analysis of the
study revealed that the community has low resilience level to flood disaster and score for all five dimensions
were less than 2, on the basis Climate Disaster Resilience Index. The contributing factors of low resilience
level of Muzaffarabad city need to be properly investigated for the development of awareness programs and
future developmental plans to enhance and improve the resilience level of the study area.
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