Biological and heavy metal investigation for drinking water quality assessment of Drosh and Asheriat areas of District Chitral, Pakistan
Keywords:
Heavy metals, Fecal coliform, Chitral, Pakistan, WHO, USEPA.Abstract
Current study has been conducted to investigate the water quality of Drosh and Asheriat District Chitral. About 70 water samples were taken from different drinking water sources including springs, rivers, streams, tube wells from Drosh and Asheriat. All the water samples were analyzed for total coliform, feacal coliform and heavy metals by using standard methods. The concentration of heavy metals was determined in water samples using Graphite Furnace equipped Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS-700) of Perkin Elmer. The results of total and fecal coliform analysis which are the recommended indicator for water quality showed that maximum probability number of the water samples ranges from 0-1800 counts/100mL while WHO standard for drinking water quality is no E. coli in 100mL of water sample (0 counts/100mL). The concentration of Ni in was found above the permissible limit in 8% drinking water samples from Drosh and in 7% drinking water samples from Asheriat area of district Chitral. While the rest of the heavy metals like Cd, Mn, Co, Cr, Zn and Pb were within the guide line values of WHO and maximum permissible limits set by USEPA. Results of this study highlight the problem of the area that needs further study
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