فن سوانح نگاری کے مباحث: جیمز لوری کلفرڈ کا خصوصی مطالعہ

Abstract

ABSTRACT:

Biography is a significant literary genre which has gained much popularity in the contemporary period. However, as compared to other literary forms, this genre has not been the focus of the attention of the literary critics. In Urdu, this deficiency is even more sever and we seldom find any discussion on the basic principles, and canons of this literary genre. James Lowry Clifford, a British critic has addressed this issue in his book From Puzzle to Portrait: Problems of Literary Biographer and have discussed the cannon of Biography writing. He has categorized the biographies into five types which are: Objective Biography, Scholarly/ Historical Biography, Artistic Biography, Narrative Biography and Fictional Biography. These principles and categories have been discussed and analyzed in this article.