ن۔ م راشؔد کی شاعری میں نوآبادیاتی نظام کے خلاف مزاحمتی رویے ("ماورا" اور "ایران میں اجنبی" کے تناظر میں)

Abstract

The extension or retention of authorities by the ruler country over colonial nation and their authorities for its profits is called as Colonialism. It is a kind of intellectual response to the subjugation of natives that was not only limited to the geographical or political tracts of lands, but also had influence over the social, cultural and literary lives of the nations colonized in the name of civilization. The British Sovereigns during ruling over India socially, economically and politically destabilized the people of India. Every individual especially the poets of this colonial nation were more influenced by this Colonialism. Such resistance is present in different behaviors in the poetry of Urdu Poets regarding Colonialism. In Urdu “Nazam”N.M. Rashid is the leading voice against the Colonialism. Especially his poetry books “Mawra” and “Iran Mae Ajnabi” will be highlighted being rich and a strong reference of Colonialism concept.