ریل اور اِس کی استعاراتی جہتوں پر مبنی کہانیاں:تحقیقی و تنقیدی جائزہ

Abstract

The steam-powered train engine was introduced and experimented in 1825 in England. In subcontinent, train ran for the first time in 1853. The railway system was laid out for colonial interests in this region but it also affected the life of common man and changed the cultural norms of the subcontinent. For example Raza Ali Abidi's quote is important that ever since the start of rail, people have started marrying their daughters far and wide. Rail and its entire environment, including tracks, platforms, fort, station master, cart, signal, railway gate and passengers etc also emerged as new metaphors in the literature of this region. Almost every Urdu short-story writer has given a touch of rail and its metaphorical aspects in his stories. This article is a research and critical review of selected stories written by some prominent Urdu fiction writers in the perspective of Rail and its complete environment.